In his book On Fascism: 12 Lessons from American History, Matthew C. MacWilliams analyzes the persistent and often hidden undercurrents of authoritarianism within the United States. Drawing from these lessons, we can identify proactive strategies to safeguard democratic institutions and values against potential authoritarian threats.
These lessons are not only historically relevant but resonate profoundly in our contemporary political landscape, where threats to democracy frequently emerge in subtle and incremental ways, often disguised as populist movements or nationalist rhetoric.
Project 2025: A Modern Example of Authoritarian Threat
One current example is Project 2025, an initiative aimed at fundamentally restructuring the federal government to centralize executive power. Critics argue this poses significant risks to democratic institutions by undermining checks and balances.
The Trump Administration and the Erosion of Democratic Norms
The Trump administration serves as a stark example of how unchecked power and a lack of accountability can erode democratic norms. Throughout his tenure, former President Donald Trump employed divisive rhetoric, weakened institutional checks, and sought to concentrate executive power. This was notably enabled by a Supreme Court that, in several high-profile cases, granted expanded authority to the executive branch, setting dangerous precedents for the balance of power.
Divisive Rhetoric: A Tool for Authoritarianism
Authoritarian leaders frequently employ divisive rhetoric to foster an “us versus them” mentality. This tactic pits different segments of society against one another, making it easier for authoritarian figures to consolidate power. To counteract these efforts, promoting unity, inclusivity, and empathy becomes crucial.
The Rule of Law: A Foundation for Democracy
A functioning democracy relies heavily on the consistent application of laws. Ensuring that no individual or group is above the law is essential in preventing the erosion of democratic norms and principles. This entails actively opposing any attempts to undermine judicial independence or manipulate legal systems for political gain.
A Free Press: The Backbone of an Informed Citizenry
An informed citizenry is a cornerstone of democracy, requiring a free and independent press. Authoritarians often attempt to delegitimize or control the press to manipulate public narratives. During the Trump administration, there were numerous efforts to discredit mainstream media, labeling them as “fake news” to undermine journalistic credibility.
The Importance of Civic Engagement
Active civic participation is essential in preserving democratic processes. Actions such as voting, attending town hall meetings, or participating in community initiatives enable citizens to resist authoritarian drift and hold elected representatives accountable.
Learning from History to Recognize Authoritarian Patterns
Knowledge of history is a powerful tool for defending democracy. By understanding past instances of authoritarianism—whether in the U.S. or abroad—citizens become better equipped to recognize and counteract similar patterns when they reemerge.
Protecting Minority Rights to Strengthen Democracy
Protecting the rights of minority groups is essential for maintaining a healthy democracy. Authoritarians often use minority groups as scapegoats, rallying the majority by blaming societal issues on marginalized populations.
Media Literacy: A Defense Against Disinformation
In an era of disinformation, the ability to critically assess information is indispensable. Media literacy should be integrated into education systems and community initiatives to help individuals evaluate news sources and recognize misinformation.
Building Strong Institutions to Safeguard Democracy
Robust institutions act as a shield against authoritarian overreach. Institutions like independent courts, legislatures, and regulatory bodies provide essential checks and balances to executive power.
Promoting Dialogue to Reduce Societal Division
Open dialogue and debate are the lifeblood of a vibrant democracy. Encouraging respectful discourse across different sectors of society mitigates polarization and reduces the appeal of authoritarian rhetoric that feeds on societal divisions.
Vigilance Against Abuses of Power
Vigilance in monitoring and challenging abuses of power is fundamental in maintaining a democratic system. Mechanisms such as checks and balances, oversight bodies, and public scrutiny are critical in holding power accountable.
The Importance of Vigilance and Engagement
By internalizing these lessons, individuals and communities can proactively defend democratic principles and prevent the rise of authoritarianism. MacWilliams’ work serves as a timely reminder of the importance of vigilance and active engagement in preserving freedom and justice.
Actionable Steps to Strengthen Democracy
These strategies are not mere abstract ideals but actionable steps that each of us can take to strengthen democracy. Creating a robust defense against authoritarianism ensures a future where freedom, equality, and justice are preserved for all.